Palm Desert

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Our gallery in Palm Desert is centrally located in the Palm Springs area of California, adjacent to the popular shopping and dining area of El Paseo. Our clientele appreciates our selection of Post War, Modern, and Contemporary art. The gorgeous weather during the winter months draws visitors from all over the world to see our beautiful desert, and stop by our gallery. The mountainous desert landscape outside provides the perfect scenic backdrop to the visual feast that awaits inside.

45188 Portola Avenue
Palm Desert, CA 92260
(760) 346-8926

Hours:
Monday – Saturday 9am to 5pm

Exhibitions

La Belle Époque to the Gilded Age
CURRENT

La Belle Époque to the Gilded Age

December 1, 2025 - May 31, 2026
Tom Wesselmann: Figure and Form
CURRENT

Tom Wesselmann: Figure and Form

December 1, 2025 - May 31, 2026
Sound and Spectacle: Harry Bertoia and George Rickey
ARCHIVE

Sound and Spectacle: Harry Bertoia and George Rickey

June 1 - September 30, 2025
Hans Hofmann: The Father of Abstract Expressionism
ARCHIVE

Hans Hofmann: The Father of Abstract Expressionism

February 3 - July 31, 2025
Meeting Life: N.C. Wyeth and the MetLife Murals
ARCHIVE

Meeting Life: N.C. Wyeth and the MetLife Murals

July 18, 2022 - April 30, 2025
Alexander Calder: Shaping a Primary Universe
ARCHIVE

Alexander Calder: Shaping a Primary Universe

August 23, 2023 - March 25, 2025
Hans Hofmann
ARCHIVE

Hans Hofmann

August 14, 2024 - February 28, 2025
Art Under $100,000
ARCHIVE

Art Under $100,000

July 25, 2024 - January 31, 2025
Your Heart’s Blood: Intersections of Art and Literature
ARCHIVE

Your Heart’s Blood: Intersections of Art and Literature

September 12, 2022 - December 31, 2024
Florals for Spring, Groundbreaking
ARCHIVE

Florals for Spring, Groundbreaking

May 8, 2023 - August 31, 2024
Art of the American West: A Prominent Collection
ARCHIVE

Art of the American West: A Prominent Collection

August 24, 2023 - August 31, 2024
First Circle: Circles in Art
ARCHIVE

First Circle: Circles in Art

February 14, 2023 - August 31, 2024
Paintings of Dorothy Hood
ARCHIVE

Paintings of Dorothy Hood

March 18 - July 19, 2024
Irving Norman: Dark Matter
ARCHIVE

Irving Norman: Dark Matter

November 27, 2019 - June 30, 2024
Picasso: Beyond the Canvas
ARCHIVE

Picasso: Beyond the Canvas

October 4, 2023 - April 30, 2024
Paper Cut: Unique Works on Paper
ARCHIVE

Paper Cut: Unique Works on Paper

April 27, 2022 - October 31, 2023
Alexander Calder: A Universe of Painting
ARCHIVE

Alexander Calder: A Universe of Painting

August 10, 2022 - August 31, 2023
It Was Acceptable in the 80s
ARCHIVE

It Was Acceptable in the 80s

April 27, 2021 - August 31, 2023
More to Life: Impressionist Dialogues from Monet and Beyond
ARCHIVE

More to Life: Impressionist Dialogues from Monet and Beyond

August 17, 2022 - August 31, 2023
A Beautiful Time: American Art in the Gilded Age
ARCHIVE

A Beautiful Time: American Art in the Gilded Age

June 24, 2021 - August 31, 2023
N.C. Wyeth: A Decade of Painting
ARCHIVE

N.C. Wyeth: A Decade of Painting

September 29, 2022 - March 31, 2023
Paul Jenkins: Coloring the Phenomenal
ARCHIVE

Paul Jenkins: Coloring the Phenomenal

December 27, 2019 - March 31, 2023
Norman Zammitt: The Progression of Color
ARCHIVE

Norman Zammitt: The Progression of Color

March 19, 2020 - February 28, 2023
Georgia O’Keeffe and Marsden Hartley: Modern Minds
ARCHIVE

Georgia O’Keeffe and Marsden Hartley: Modern Minds

February 1, 2022 - February 28, 2023
Figurative Masters of the Americas
ARCHIVE

Figurative Masters of the Americas

January 4 - February 12, 2023
James Rosenquist: Potent Pop
ARCHIVE

James Rosenquist: Potent Pop

June 7, 2021 - January 31, 2023
Abstract Expressionism: Transcending the Radical
ARCHIVE

Abstract Expressionism: Transcending the Radical

January 12, 2022 - January 31, 2023
My Own Skin: Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera
ARCHIVE

My Own Skin: Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera

June 16 - December 31, 2022
Josef Albers: The Heart of Painting
ARCHIVE

Josef Albers: The Heart of Painting

May 12 - November 30, 2022
Abstract Expressionism: The Persistent Women
ARCHIVE

Abstract Expressionism: The Persistent Women

November 1, 2021 - August 31, 2022
Alexander Calder: Painting the Cosmos
ARCHIVE

Alexander Calder: Painting the Cosmos

March 2 - August 12, 2022
Mercedes Matter: A Miraculous Quality
ARCHIVE

Mercedes Matter: A Miraculous Quality

March 22, 2021 - June 30, 2022
Moore! Moore! Moore! Henry Moore and Sculpture
ARCHIVE

Moore! Moore! Moore! Henry Moore and Sculpture

March 3, 2021 - April 30, 2022
Elaine and Willem de Kooning: Painting in the Light
ARCHIVE

Elaine and Willem de Kooning: Painting in the Light

August 3, 2021 - January 31, 2022
Jewish Modernism Part 2: Figuration from Chagall to Norman
ARCHIVE

Jewish Modernism Part 2: Figuration from Chagall to Norman

April 30, 2020 - December 31, 2021
American Eye: Selections from the Pardee Collection
ARCHIVE

American Eye: Selections from the Pardee Collection

February 28 - December 31, 2021
The Gloria Luria Collection
ARCHIVE

The Gloria Luria Collection

March 16, 2020 - October 31, 2021
Pop Figures: Mel Ramos and Tom Wesselmann
ARCHIVE

Pop Figures: Mel Ramos and Tom Wesselmann

March 26, 2020 - April 30, 2021
Jewels of Impressionism and Modern Art
ARCHIVE

Jewels of Impressionism and Modern Art

February 19 - October 31, 2020
Cool Britannia: The Young British Artists
ARCHIVE

Cool Britannia: The Young British Artists

April 2 - September 30, 2020
The Californians
ARCHIVE

The Californians

November 1, 2019 - February 14, 2020
Sam Francis: From Dusk to Dawn
ARCHIVE

Sam Francis: From Dusk to Dawn

November 15, 2018 - April 29, 2019
N.C. Wyeth: Paintings and Illustrations
ARCHIVE

N.C. Wyeth: Paintings and Illustrations

February 1 - May 31, 2018
The Paintings of Sir Winston Churchill
ARCHIVE

The Paintings of Sir Winston Churchill

March 21 - May 30, 2018
Ferrari and Futurists: An Italian Look at Speed
ARCHIVE

Ferrari and Futurists: An Italian Look at Speed

November 21, 2016 - January 30, 2017
Alexander Calder
ARCHIVE

Alexander Calder

November 21, 2015 - May 28, 2016
Masters of California Impressionism
ARCHIVE

Masters of California Impressionism

November 22, 2014 - May 23, 2015
Painterly Abstraction: Spheres of AbEx
ARCHIVE

Painterly Abstraction: Spheres of AbEx

November 25, 2011 - May 31, 2012
Masters of Impressionism and Modern Art
ARCHIVE

Masters of Impressionism and Modern Art

November 20, 2010 - September 25, 2011
Picasso
ARCHIVE

Picasso

November 20, 2009 - May 25, 2010

ARTWORK ON VIEW

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919"><em>Argenteuil, l’Hospice</em> from 1872 belongs to one of the most formative chapters in Claude Monet’s career, painted during his early years in Argenteuil where he created nearly one hundred eighty canvases between 1871 and 1878. First owned by Paul Durand Ruel, Monet’s dealer and the most important champion of the Impressionists, the painting is included in the Wildenstein catalogue and was featured in the National Gallery London’s landmark exhibition <em>Monet and Architecture </em>in 2018. Created in the same year as his breakthrough <em>Impression, Sunrise</em>, the work reflects the moment when Monet’s vision for modern landscape took shape and laid the foundation for the movement that would soon be known as Impressionism.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919">Monet settled in Argenteuil in late 1871, determined to renew his artistic direction after the upheavals of war and exile. The town offered an enticing blend of historical architecture, modern industry, rustic gardens, and the ever-shifting Seine, all within easy reach of Paris. The Aubrey House, where Monet lived, became a gathering place for Renoir, Manet, Sisley, Caillebotte, and later Pissarro, a setting that fostered both artistic exchange and the planning of the first Impressionist exhibition of 1874. As scholar Paul Hayes Tucker has noted, Argenteuil offered Monet a rare diversity of motifs that he encountered daily, ranging from the charmingly old to the strikingly new.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919">In this painting Monet set his easel on rue Pierre Guienne, with his back to the Aubrey House, and painted the seventeenth century building that served at the time as the hospice of the Porte Saint Denis. The structure appears at right, viewed from the Seine, rendered with a quiet clarity that captures the atmosphere of an early spring day. The palette reflects both a reverence for the site’s history and an appreciation for Eugène Boudin, the friend and mentor who had encouraged Monet to paint the play of air and light years earlier and who joined him for a housewarming at Argenteuil on January 2, 1872. The hospice later became the Musée du Vieil Argenteuil, further reinforcing the historical resonance of the site.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919"><em>Argenteuil, l’Hospice</em> stands as one of Monet’s earliest paintings from this crucial period and offers a faithful, atmospheric interpretation of a place deeply intertwined with the origins of Impressionism. Its blend of gentle tonalities, soft spring light, and direct observation reveals the artist’s growing confidence in painting the world as he perceived it, moment by moment, as a new vision for modern landscape art emerged.</font></div>

CLAUDE MONET

During the early 1870s, Winslow Homer frequently painted scenes of country living near a small farm hamlet renowned for generations for its remarkable stands of wheat, situated between the Hudson River and the Catskills in New York state. Today Hurley is far more famous for inspiring one of Homer’s greatest works, Snap the Whip painted the summer of 1872. Among the many other paintings inspired by the region, Girl Standing in the Wheatfield is rich in sentiment, but not over sentimentalized. It directly relates to an 1866 study painted in France entitled, In the Wheatfields, and another, painted the following year after he returned to America. But Homer would have undoubtedly been most proud of this one. It is a portrait, a costume study, a genre painting in the great tradition of European pastoral painting, and a dramatically backlit, atmospheric tour de force steeped in the quickly fading gloaming hour light buoyed with lambent, flowery notes and wheat spike touches. In 1874, Homer sent four paintings to the National Academy of Design exhibition. One was titled, “Girl”. Might it not be this one?

WINSLOW HOMER

<div>When forty rural Sacramento Delta landscapes by Wayne Thiebaud were unveiled at a San Francisco gallery opening in November 1997, attendees were amazed by paintings they never anticipated. This new frontier betrayed neither Thiebaud’s mastery of confectionary-shop colors nor his impeccable eye for formal relationships. Rather, his admirers were shocked to learn that all but seven of these forty interpretations had been completed in just two years. As his son Paul recalled, “the refinements of my father’s artistic process were ever changing in a chameleon-like frenzy.” The new direction had proved an exhilarating experience, each painting an affirmation of Wayne Thiebaud’s impassioned response to the fields and levees of the local environment he dearly loved.   </div>
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<br><div>Viewed from the perspective of a bird or a plane, "The Riverhouse" is an agrarian tapestry conceived with a kaleidoscopic range of shapes and simple forms; fields striped with furrows or striated fans, deliriously colored parallelograms and trapezoids, an orchard garnished pizza-shaped wedge, and a boldly limned river, the lifeline of a thirsty California central valley largely dependent upon transported water. "The Riverhouse" is a painting that ‘moves’ between seamlessly shifting planes of aerial mapping that recalls Richard Diebenkorn’s stroke of insight when he took his first commercial flight the spring of 1951, and those partitions engaging a more standard vanishing point perspective. Thiebaud explained his process as “orchestrating with as much variety and tempo as I can.” Brightly lit with a fauve-like intensity, "The Riverhouse" is a heady concoction of vibrant pigment and rich impasto, one that recalls his indebtedness to Pierre Bonnard whose color Thiebaud referred to as “a bucket full of hot coals and ice cubes.” Among his many other influences, the insertion of objects — often tiny — that defy a rational sense of scale that reflects his interest in Chinese landscape painting.  As always, his mastery as a painter recalls his titular pies and cakes with their bewitching rainbow-like halos and side-by-side colors of equal intensity but differing in hues to create the vibratory effect of an aura, what Thiebaud explained “denotes an attempt to develop as much energy and light and visual power as you can.” </div>
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<br><div>Thiebaud’s Sacramento Delta landscapes are an integral and important part of his oeuvre. Paintings such as "The Riverhouse" rival the best abstract art of the twentieth century. His good friend, Willem de Kooning thought so, too.</div>

WAYNE THIEBAUD

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919">As the idea of using drawings, whether in pencil or pastel to prepare a painting was at odds with Monet’s publicised creative process, he tended to downplay its importance in his work. However, after his death eight folios containing over four hundred drawings came to light as well as many pastels. This convenient and lightweight medium allowed him to experiment with composition and colour and develop ideas for his oil paintings at speed. He also used pastel to produce finished pictures, as in this example.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919">During the 1880s Monet returned to the Normandy coast. He found inspiration in the sparkling light and famous limestone cliffs, as had Delacroix and Courbet. As well as working directly in oils, he followed Boudin’s example and used black chalk and pastel to study the effects of light and colour on the sky, sea and land.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color="#191919">In this seascape at Etretat, twenty miles round the coast to the north of Le Havre, Monet has chosen an unusual composition, dividing the landscape down the centre with the vertiginous cliffs; the left half of the picture composed of earthy greens and browns, the right half a sun dappled sea that dissolves into the sky, the horizon only suggested by the lightest touch of charcoal. This picture has a marked difference in atmosphere to another pastel of the nearby Porte d’Aval, dateable to the same period, whose late afternoon sky shows the range of expression that could be achieved with pastel. By the summer of 1885 the year he made this pastel Monet had largely abandoned urban subjects, and was more drawn towards natural phenomena. He painted many views along the coast under different light conditions. As noted in the catalogue raisonné on Monet, this pastel is not a preparatory study for an oil painting, but a wholly original composition. It demonstrates how well the painter understood and enjoyed the versatility of the medium when trying to capture such variable weather.</font></div>

CLAUDE MONET

<div>Alfred Sisley’s Cavalier en lisière de forêt (Horseman on the Edge of the Forest), from 1875, is a luminous painting depicting a tranquil road near Marly-le-Roi, where Sisley found creative renewal after moving from Paris’s Batignolles quarter. This work, included in the 2021 catalogue raisonné of the work of Alfred Sisley prepared by Francois Daulte with Galerie Brame & Lorenceau and the Comité Alfred Sisley as no.196, showcases his unrivaled commitment to plein-air painting, even compared to Impressionist peers like Monet and Pissarro. Likely executed entirely outdoors, it captures the immediacy of a summer morning with feathery brushstrokes of muted greens, ochres, and blues, rendering a path winding into a forest, a lone horseman, and two figures—one with a parasol. </div>
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<br><div>Sisley’s move to Marly-le-Roi, driven by a love for greenery and the need to support his young family amid financial strain post-Franco-Prussian War, shaped this work. Painted after the 1874 Impressionist exhibition’s disappointing sales, it reflects resilience. The diffused light and geometric composition—path and trees anchoring a vast sky—evoke the region’s gentle haze. Camille Pissarro, a close colleague, hailed Sisley as “a great and beautiful artist, in my opinion he is a master equal to the greatest” (Pissarro, quoted in C. Lloyd, ‘Alfred Sisley and the Purity of Vision’, pp. 5-33, M. Stevens (ed.), Alfred Sisley, exh. cat., New Haven and London, 1992, p. 8). The 2021 Brame and Lorenceau catalogue notes 360 of Sisley’s 1,013 oil paintings reside in museums, affirming his legacy. </div>
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<br><div>This concise yet evocative piece offers collectors a rare glimpse into Sisley’s mastery, blending nature’s beauty with Impressionist innovation. </div>

ALFRED SISLEY

<div><font face=Lato size=3>Widely recognized as one of the most consequential artists of our time, Gerhard Richters career now rivals that of Picasso's in terms of productivity and genius. The multi-faceted subject matter, ranging from slightly out-of-focus photographic oil paintings to Kelly-esque grid paintings to his "squeegee" works, Richter never settles for repeating the same thought- but is constantly evolving his vision. Richter has been honored by significant retrospective exhibitions, including the pivotal 2002 show,  "Gerhard Richter: Forty Years of Painting," at the Museum of Modern Art, New York.    "Abstraktes Bild 758-2" (1992) comes from a purely abstract period in Richter's work- where the message is conveyed using a truly physical painting style, where applied paint layers are distorted with a wooden "Squeegee" tool. Essentially, Richter is sculpting the layers of paint, revealing the underlayers and their unique color combinations; there is a degree of "art by chance". If the painting does not work, Richter will move on- a method pioneered by Jackson Pollock decades earlier.    Richter is included in prominent museums and collections worldwide, including the Tate, London, The Museum of Modern Art, New York, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, among many others.</font></div>

GERHARD RICHTER

The frame of reference for Irish American Sean Scully’s signature blocks and stripes is vast. From Malevich’s central premise that geometry can provide the means for universal understanding to Rothko’s impassioned approach to color and rendering of the dramatic sublime, Scully learned how to condense the splendor of the natural world into simple modes of color, light, and composition. Born in Dublin in 1945 and London-raised, Scully was well-schooled in figurative drawing when he decided to catch the spirit of his lodestar, Henri Matisse, by visiting Morocco in 1969. He was captivated by the dazzling tessellated mosaics and richly dyed fabrics and began to paint grids and stipes of color. Subsequent adventures provided further inspiration as the play of intense light on the reflective surfaces of Mayan ruins and the ancient slabs of stone at Stonehenge brought the sensation of light, space, and geometric movement to Scully’s paintings. The ability to trace the impact of Scully’s travels throughout his paintings reaffirms the value of abstract art as a touchstone for real-life experience.
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<br>Painted in rich, deep hues and layered, nuanced surfaces, Grey Red is both poetic and full of muscular formalism. Scully appropriately refers to these elemental forms as ‘bricks,’ suggesting the formal calculations of an architect. As he explained, “these relationships that I see in the street doorways, in windows between buildings, and in the traces of structures that were once full of life, I take for my work. I use these colors and forms and put them together in a way that perhaps reminds you of something, though you’re not sure of that” (David Carrier, Sean Scully, 2004, pg. 98). His approach is organic, less formulaic; intuitive painter’s choices are layering one color upon another so that contrasting hues and colors vibrate with subliminal energy. Diebenkorn comes to mind in his pursuit of radiant light. But here, the radiant bands of terracotta red, gray, taupe, and black of Grey Red resonate with deep, smoldering energy and evoke far more affecting passion than you would think it could impart. As his good friend, Bono wrote, “Sean approaches the canvas like a kickboxer, a plasterer, a builder. The quality of painting screams of a life being lived.”

SEAN SCULLY

Tom Wesselmann will undoubtedly be remembered for associating his erotic themes with the colors of the American flag. But Wesselmann had considerable gifts as a draftsman, and the line was his principal preoccupation, first as a cartoonist and later as an ardent admirer of Matisse. That he also pioneered a method of turning drawings into laser-cut steel wall reliefs proved a revelation. He began to focus ever more on drawing for the sake of drawing, enchanted that the new medium could be lifted and held: “It really is like being able to pick up a delicate line drawing from the paper.”
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<br>The Steel Drawings caused both excitement and confusion in the art world. After acquiring one of the ground-breaking works in 1985, the Whitney Museum of American Art wrote Wesselmann wondering if it should be cataloged as a drawing or a sculpture. The work had caused such a stir that when Eric Fischl visited Wesselmann at his studio and saw steel-cut works for the first time, he remembered feeling jealous. He wanted to try it but dared not. It was clear: ‘Tom owned the technique completely.’
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<br>Wesselmann owed much of that technique to his year-long collaboration with metalwork fabricator Alfred Lippincott. Together, in 1984 they honed a method for cutting the steel with a laser that provided the precision he needed to show the spontaneity of his sketches. Wesselmann called it ‘the best year of my life’, elated at the results that he never fully achieved with aluminum that required each shape be hand-cut.  “I anticipated how exciting it would be for me to get a drawing back in steel. I could hold it in my hands. I could pick it up by the lines…it was so exciting…a kind of near ecstasy, anyway, but there’s really been something about the new work that grabbed me.”
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<br>Bedroom Brunette with Irises is a Steel Drawing masterwork that despite its uber-generous scale, utilizes tight cropping to provide an unimposing intimacy while maintaining a free and spontaneous quality. The figure’s outstretched arms and limbs and body intertwine with the petals and the interior elements providing a flowing investigative foray of black lines and white ‘drop out’ shapes provided by the wall. It recalls Matisse and any number of his reclining odalisque paintings. Wesselmann often tested monochromatic values to discover the extent to which color would transform his hybrid objects into newly developed Steel Drawing works and, in this case, continued with a color steel-cut version of the composition Bedroom Blonde with Irises (1987) and later still, in 1993 with a large-scale drawing in charcoal and pastel on paper.

TOM WESSELMANN

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Hans Hofmann's <em>Baal</em> channels the charged energy of its evocative title, rooted in ancient Semitic tradition. The name refers to a lord or master but also carries associations with primal forces of nature, chaos, and creation. Hofmann's work reflects this duality, blending structured design with the untamed vitality of gestural abstraction to create a composition oscillating between entropy and order.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Painted at age 65, <em>Baal</em> also showcases Hofmann's willingness to revisit earlier disciplines while addressing the challenges of mid-century abstraction. Its vibrant palette and bold use of complementary colors, particularly the juxtaposition of red and green, heightens the painting's dynamism. His muscular brushwork also reflects his lifelong experimentation with the tension between form and freedom; undulating lines and biomorphic forms evoke the surrealist influence of Miró and the spiritual resonance of Kandinsky's gestural abstractions. Like these predecessors, Hofmann sought to translate "inner necessity" into visual expression, guided by his fertile imagination. Yet the planal elements and curvilinear shapes of <em>Baal</em> also reflect the influence of improvisational painting, a hallmark of Abstract Expressionism as practiced by contemporaries like Arshile Gorky, among others. It is a composition that teems with movement and energy, suggesting a cosmos in flux—chaotic yet deliberate.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Exhibited the same year at Betty Parsons Gallery in New York, <em>Baal</em> signals Hofmann's evolution as a master and innovator. With its vivid dynamism and symbolic title, the painting epitomizes Hofmann's ability to infuse abstraction with elemental power, crafting a deeply personal exploration of form and color.</font></div>

HANS HOFMANN

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Hans Hofmann's "<em>Astral Image #1"</em> of 1947 captures a pivotal moment in his artistic evolution as he wrestled with the competing forces of linearity and painterly abstraction. Exhibited in the same year at Betty Parsons Gallery in New York—Hofmann's first show with Parsons — the painting represents a phase of intense experimentation in which Cubist-inspired linear elements took center stage. Lines arc and stretch across the canvas, creating a dynamic framework that opens into areas filled with flatly applied alizarin crimson. These contrasting forces give the work a sense of tension and vitality.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>During this period, Hofmann's reliance on linearity provided a departure from the more fluid, painterly dynamism of his earlier works. From 1944 to 1951, this linear impulse permeated his practice, signaling a prolonged exploration of modes of expression in which he grappled with reconciling abstraction and structure. While some viewed this phase as a retreat from the energetic breakthroughs that defined American art's rise to global prominence, others recognized the distinctiveness of these paintings. <em>Astral Image #1</em> challenged the framework of Hofmann's singular vision, blending Cubist discipline with the vibrant, unruly energy that remained a hallmark of his oeuvre.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>The work's flat planes of bright alizarin crimson, contrasted with the angular momentum of the lines, evoke a cosmos of restless energy, hinting at the celestial themes suggested by its title. This painting reflects Hofmann's deliberate explorations during the late 1940s that underscore his unique ability to create works that resist easy categorization, standing apart as deeply personal explorations of form and color.</font></div>
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HANS HOFMANN

<div>"Planting (Spring Plowing)", a vibrant watercolor and graphite on paper by Thomas Hart Benton, circa 1939-40, embodies the artist’s signature Regionalist style. The work depicts a rural scene where two figures toil in a field, one guiding a plow pulled by a donkey, the other carrying a bucket, sowing seeds under a bright, cloud-streaked sky. The rolling, richly hued earth, painted in warm browns and oranges, contrasts with the lush green foliage and distant trees, while a small structure sits at the horizon, grounding the composition in everyday life. Benton’s dynamic lines and fluid brushwork capture the rhythm of labor and the vitality of spring, infusing the scene with a sense of movement and purpose. </div>
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<br><div>The reverse image of this artwork was transformed into a lithograph in 1939, with notable examples housed in prestigious museum collections including the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Nelson Atkins Museum of Art, Minneapolis Institute of Art, and the Chazen Museum of Art. This print adaptation underscores the piece’s cultural significance, reflecting Benton’s influence on American art during the Depression era and the resonance of this particular subject celebrating the resilience and harmony of its people with nature. Created with a keen eye for detail and a deep connection to the land, "Planting (Spring Plowing)" showcases Benton’s ability to blend realism with his hallmark muscular style. It is accompanied by two letters written by Thomas Hart Benton to Lon Ramsey, its original owner, and bears an inscription by the artist on the verso.  </div>

THOMAS HART BENTON

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Paul Signac’s <em>Saint-Briac. D’une fenêtre</em> (1885) captures the quiet beauty of the Breton landscape at a pivotal moment in the artist’s evolution from Impressionism to Neo-Impressionism. Painted during one of his frequent stays in Saint-Briac-sur-Mer, a coastal village in Brittany, this work reflects Signac’s early fascination with the play of light, color, and atmosphere before his full embrace of </font><font
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>The work once belonged to the French composer and conductor Jules Rivière and has been discussed in major art historical texts, including <em>Connaissance des Arts</em> (1956), Sophie Monneret’s <em>L’Impressionisme et son époque</em> (1980), and Françoise Cachin’s <em>Signac: Catalogue raisonné de l’oeuvre peint</em> (2000), where it is illustrated as entry no. 102. Comparable examples from the same Saint-Briac series are housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the Carnegie Museum of Art. Collectively, these works reveal Signac’s transition toward the structured luminosity that would soon define Neo-Impressionism and secure his place among the leading innovators of modern painting.</font></div>

PAUL SIGNAC

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Hans Hofmann's <em>The Zoo</em> (1944) brims with playful energy, its abstract forms suggesting a whimsical exploration of animalistic shapes and gestures. Dominated by a vivid blue field punctuated by bold strokes of red, green, and yellow, the formal elements and composition provide a lively interplay of color. While the title invites the viewer to seek out zoo-like references, the forms are ambiguous yet evocative: sweeping red arcs might suggest the curve of a tail, while the triangular green shape evokes the profile of an enclosure or a cage. The painting captures not the literal essence of a zoo but the dynamism and movement one might associate with such a space.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Heavily influenced by Surrealist automatism and the biomorphic forms of Joan Miró, the organic shapes and bold colors seem to pulse with life, blurring the boundary between abstraction and figuration. Yet, unlike Miró's delicate dreamscapes, Hofmann's brushwork carries a muscular energy, grounding the composition in his signature gestural style.</font></div>
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HANS HOFMANN

<div><font face=Calibri size=3 color=black>Camille Claudel's life story reflects an era when societal constraints often dimmed the brilliance of women; their genius was viewed as a threat to the male-dominated world. Most introductions to Claudel are steeped in misleading biographical details related to her as Rodin's assistant, mistress, or lover, associations that diminish her achievements as a first-rate sculptor whose work borrows little from Rodin in style or subject matter. Despite these challenges, Claudel's legacy has endured, celebrated through exhibitions, biographies, and films since her rediscovery in 1982. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Calibri size=3 color=black><em>“La Vague (The Wave),”</em> a remarkable sculpture of three women frolicking joyfully, embodies Claudel's passion for art and connection to nature. The women, their hair unruly like the sea, are depicted in a moment of freedom and abandon, yet the looming wave hints at the inevitable sorrow to come—a metaphor for Claudel's life, shadowed by fate. This piece, initially shown in plaster and later cast in bronze with an onyx marble wave, draws direct inspiration from Hokusai's <em>“The Great Wave,”</em> reflecting the Parisian fascination with Japanese art at the time. While <em>“La Vague”</em> showcases Claudel's technical mastery and the influence of Japanese aesthetics, it also poignantly symbolizes her acceptance of the overpowering forces of nature and the tragic course her life would ultimately take. This bronze, cast in 1997, is one of only two not held in a museum, further emphasizing the rarity of and reverence for Claudel's work.</font></div>

CAMILLE CLAUDEL

A major figure in both the Abstract Expressionist and American Figurative Expressionist movements of the 1940s and 1950s, Elaine de Kooning's prolific output defied singular categorization. Her versatile styles explored the spectrum of realism to abstraction, resulting in a career characterized by intense expression and artistic boundary-pushing. A striking example of de Kooning's explosive creativity is Untitled (Totem Pole), an extremely rare sculptural painting by the artist that showcases her command of color. 
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<br>She created this piece around 1960, the same period as her well-known bullfight paintings. She left New York in 1957 to begin teaching at the University of New Mexico in Albuquerque, and from there would visit Ciudad Juárez, where she observed the bullfights that inspired her work. An avid traveler, de Kooning drew inspiration from various sources, resulting in a diverse and experimental body of work.

ELAINE DE KOONING

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black><em>Afternoon</em> is a rare early painting by George Inness, created when the artist was only twenty one and actively shaping the foundations of his career. Although largely self-taught, Inness was immersed in a transformative period during the mid-eighteen forties, studying at the National Academy of Design in New York where he closely observed the work of Hudson River School painters such as Thomas Cole and Asher Durand. This moment marked his first public exhibitions at the Academy in 1844, followed by the opening of his own studio in 1848, placing <em>Afternoon</em> squarely within the formative years in which his artistic voice began to emerge.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>The painting also reflects the subtle influence of French landscaper Regis Francois Gignoux, under whom the young Inness studied before making his first trip to Europe in 1851. This early training helped shape the atmospheric sensitivity and poetic naturalism that would later define his mature style.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black><em>Afternoon</em> carries distinguished provenance, having passed through the collections of several important nineteenth and early twentieth century New Yorkers, including politician Cornelius Gardiner, financier and philanthropist Emerson McMillian, and later the philanthropist Agnes Ladson Dana. This lineage, combined with the paintings exceptional early date, makes it an especially significant example from the beginning of Innesss enduring contribution to American landscape painting.</font></div>

GEORGE INNESS

HERB ALPERT - Arrowhead - bronze - 201 x 48 x 48 in.

HERB ALPERT

<div><font face=Calibri size=3 color=black>Standing at an impressive 103 inches, this elegantly spare “Sonambient” sculpture by Harry Bertoia allows us to marvel at one of the finest artisans of his generation. This piece, the tallest in the series currently available here at Heather James Fine Art, features a precise arrangement of 36 slender tines in a 6 x 6 grid. This arrangement's uniformity and symmetry are visually captivating and crucial for the sculpture's acoustic properties. The rods, austere and uncapped by finials, have an aged patina with copper undertones, suggesting Bertoia's use of copper or a similar alloy known for its resonant qualities and distinctive coloration. Given the outstanding length of these rods, the attachment method is particularly noteworthy. Bertoia meticulously inserted each rod into individual holes in the base plate using precision drilling and securing techniques such as welding that ensured the rods were firmly anchored and stable, maintaining the structural integrity essential for consistent acoustic performance.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Calibri size=3 color=black>Beyond his uncompromising nature, Bertoia's work draws significant inspiration from natural elements. This sculpture's tall, slender rods evoke images of reeds or tall grasses swaying gently in the wind. This dynamic interaction between the sculpture and its environment mirrors the movement of plants, creating an immersive, naturalistic experience. Yet when activated or moved by air currents, the rods of this monumental work initiate metallic undertones that confirm its materiality without betraying its profound connection to the natural world.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Calibri size=3 color=black>Integrating technical precision and natural inspiration depends on exacting construction that ensures durability and acoustic consistency, while its kinetic and auditory nature imbues the piece with a sense of vitality. This fusion invites viewers to engage with the sculpture on multiple sensory levels, appreciating its robust craftsmanship and evocative, naturalistic qualities. Bertoia's ability to blend these elements results in a work that is both a technical marvel and a tribute to the beauty of the natural world.</font></div>

HARRY BERTOIA

After disappointing sales at Weyhe Gallery in 1928, Calder turned from sculpted wire portraits and figures to the more conventional medium of wood. On the advice of sculptor Chaim Gross, he purchased small blocks of wood from Monteath, a Brooklyn supplier of tropical woods. He spent much of that summer on a Peekskill, New York farm carving. In each case, the woodblock suggested how he might preserve its overall shape and character as he subsumed those attributes in a single form.  There was a directness about working in wood that appealed to him. Carved from a single block of wood, Woman with Square Umbrella is not very different from the subjects of his wire sculptures except that he supplanted the ethereal nature of using wire with a more corporeal medium.
<br>© 2023 Calder Foundation, New York / Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York

ALEXANDER CALDER

IRVING NORMAN - How Come - oil on canvas - 90 x 60 in.

IRVING NORMAN

ROLAND PETERSEN - Waiting Figure - oil on canvas - 68 x 56 in.

ROLAND PETERSEN

<div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>Michael Corinne West’s story is a significant one. A prolific painter and poet at the forefront of the Abstract Expressionist movement, West is the artist least likely to be acknowledged as standing among the first generation with the core group of male artists. Placed in a confrontational role as one of the few women defying a male-dominated mythology, she shifted to gestural painting in the mid-1940s, often laying the canvases on the floor and working like Jackson Pollock. Her earliest work in black and white predates Franz Kline’s by several years. It included “<em>Black and White” </em>of 1947, which impressed Clement Greenberg, who was never inclined to dish a gratuitous compliment. Despite the changing tides of art and fashion, her devotion to mysticism, inner emotional states, and the subconscious as they relate to Abstract Expressionism continued unfazed and steady.  </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>“<em>The Day After</em>,” painted in 1963, is West’s visceral, abstract response to a pivotal moment in American history — the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. The overlapping layers of saturated blood-red tones clashing with forceful strokes of black suggest the rupture in the national consciousness and evoke feelings of disruption and confusion, embodying the artist’s internalized grief. West transformed the event into a deeply personal expression of mourning, capturing the weight of a nation’s sorrow in a form that defies literal representation yet speaks volumes emotionally.  </font></div>

MICHAEL CORINNE WEST

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Lee Krasner’s "<em>Water No. 5</em>" channels water's fluid, ever-changing energy into a luminous abstraction, demonstrating her deep sensitivity to the natural world and unparalleled skill in transforming it into art. As part of her "Water" series of some twenty works, "<em>No. 5"</em> reflects Krasner's fascination with the rhythms of nature, inspired by her life on Long Island's East End. Living along the shoreline, she experienced its tidal flows, reflective light, and the expansive motion of water—elements that found their way into this series' fluid brushstrokes and layered washes.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Cataloged as "gouache on paper," the patent transparency in works like “<em>Water No. 5</em>” suggests Krasner used traditional watercolor techniques to create the denser, opaque effects often associated with gouache. Artists can achieve such opacity in watercolor by increasing the pigment-to-water ratio, layering translucent washes for depth, or using pigments naturally prone to granulation and saturation. Krasner's choice of Howell paper, known for its medium-to-rough "tooth," also enhanced these effects, as its texture scatters light to give pigments a more solid appearance. These techniques demonstrate Krasner's mastery of her materials and her intuitive, practical approach to experimentation, allowing her to expand the expressive possibilities of watercolor without relying solely on gouache. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Krasner was not alone in finding inspiration in the Long Island landscape. Her neighbor, Willem de Kooning, similarly responded to the shoreline's vitality, translating its undulating rhythms into his work of the 1960s. For Krasner, however, the "Water" series lacks figurative references, resting solely on her ability to capture nature’s transformative energy through abstraction. With "<em>Water No. 5",</em> Krasner achieved a profound synthesis of technique and vision, merging the meditative power of her surroundings with the dynamic energy of her artistic practice, underscoring her position as a pioneering force in postwar American art.</font></div>

LEE KRASNER

<div><font face=Lato size=3>Maurice de Vlaminck’s <em>Le Viaduc de Saint-Germain-en-Laye</em> (circa 1910-1911), an arresting oil on canvas framed in ornate gold, captures the industrial elegance of a viaduct west of Paris. This work, set to be included in the forthcoming catalogue raisonné by the Wildenstein Plattner Institute, reflects Vlaminck’s fascination with the Saint-Germain area. Known for painting its urban landscapes and Seine-side scenes, he infused this particular scene with angular Cubist elements gaining traction in early 20th-century art. The viaduct, built in the 1880s to carry the Paris-Saint-Germain railway line, looms with golden arches against a turbulent gray sky, its unyielding structure juxtaposed with the fractured rooflines of quaint village houses. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3>Vlaminck’s bold brushstrokes and muted palette create a textured, almost sculptural effect, with trees and rooftops rendered in dynamic, faceted shapes. The overcast sky enhances the scene’s ambient intensity, while the viaduct’s arches dominate, symbolizing modernity amid rural charm. This work exemplifies his early Fauvist roots evolving into Cubist influences, showcasing a pioneering style. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3>A resident of the region, Vlaminck frequently depicted its evolving landscape, blending tradition with innovation. "Le Viaduc de Saint-Germain-en-Laye" offers collectors a rare glimpse into his transformative period. Its striking composition and historical context make it a compelling addition to any collection, celebrating Vlaminck’s contribution to modern art’s development. </font></div>

MAURICE DE VLAMINCK

"A Dream Within a Dream" is a significant series of paintings and silkscreens by Ryan McGinnes that takes its name from a famous poem by Edgar Allan Poe. Exploring themes of perception, reality, and the subconscious mind, McGinnes incorporates a variety of symbols and motifs, including geometric shapes, botanical elements, and figurative motifs, which he arranges in intricate patterns that seem to shift and morph before the viewer's eyes. The title suggests a sense of ambiguity and uncertainty, reflecting the elusive nature of reality and the fleeing quality of human experience. By engaging with themes of perception and illusion, McGinnes encourages viewers to question their assumptions about the world and to consider the possibility that reality may be more fluid and subjective than it appears.

RYAN MCGINNESS

"A drawing is simply a line going for a walk."
<br>-Paul Klee
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<br>A significant draftsman, Paul Klee's works on paper rival his works on canvas in their technical proficiency and attention to his modern aesthetic.  As an early teacher at the Bauhaus school, Klee traveled extensively and inspired a generation of 20th Century Artists.  
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<br>Klee transcended a particular style, instead creating his own unique visual vocabulary.  In Klee's work, we see a return to basic, geometric forms and a removal of artistic embellishment.  "Der Hafen von Plit" was once owned by Alfred H. Barr, Jr., the First Director of the Museum of Modern Art, New York.

PAUL KLEE

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black><em>Girl in White (Seated Figure)</em> from 1896 is an elegant example of Frank Bensons gift for intimate portraiture, rendered with a refined palette and a masterful command of light and texture. The painting was originally a personal gift from Benson to his friend and fellow American artist Frederick P. Vinton, remaining in the Vinton family before later entering the distinguished collection of Paul Magriel, a renowned collector and scholar of American art. This early provenance underscores the works longstanding appreciation among artists and connoisseurs alike.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>The portrait relates closely to similar half-figure studies held in major institutional collections, including the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, the Farnsworth Art Museum, and the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., all of which highlight Bensons importance within the American Impressionist tradition. In this work, the sitter is shown in profile against a simple, reduced background that allows the subtleties of color and drapery to command full attention. The warm, luminous modeling of the skin and the delicate, gossamer like fabric of the dress are heightened by Benson's economical use of tone, creating a sense of quiet focus and graceful restraint.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Together, these qualities reveal the depth of Bensons skill during the 1890s and affirm <em>Girl in White (Seated Figure)</em> as a beautifully preserved and emotionally resonant example of his portrait practice.</font></div>

FRANK WESTON BENSON

Manuel Neri was a central figure in the Bay Area Figurative Movement in the 1960s. Instead of abstract forms, the group emphasized emotion through the power of the human form. The present work, "Untitled" (1982), explores the female form on a life-sized scale.  Neri preferred to work with just one model throughout his 60-year career, Maria Julia Klimenko. The absence of a face in many of the sculptures adds an element of mystery and ambiguity. The focus of the composition in "Untitled" is the structure and form of the figure.  Manuel Neri is represented in numerous museum collections worldwide, including the Addison Gallery/Phillips Academy; Anderson Collection at Stanford University; Art Institute of Chicago; Cantor Arts Center, Stanford University; Cincinnati Art Museum; Crocker Art Museum, Sacramento, CA; Denver Art Museum, the El Paso Museum of Art, Texas; Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco; Harvard University Art Museums; Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C.; Honolulu Museum of Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York and the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.

MANUEL NERI

<div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>Born in 1881, the same year as fellow Spaniard Pablo Picasso, María Blanchard carved her distinct path within modernist art, blending Cubist influences with emotional depth. <em>"La Comida" </em>demonstrates Blanchard's evolution towards a more figurative style while retaining explicit Cubist references. This shift aligns her work with the “<em>Retour à l'ordre”</em> movement, a tendency many fellow artists embraced at the time. Thematically, “<em>La  Comida</em>” recalls van Gogh's early works, particularly "<em>The Potato Eaters</em>" (1885), in both palette and subject matter. Like van Gogh, Blanchard draws attention to the simplicity of rural life, using muted tones of browns, reds, and ochres to convey the grounded, almost austere nature of the figures around the table.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>Blanchard’s work after 1921 progressively bridged the gap between the rigid forms of early Cubism and a more emotive, personal representation of her subjects. Geometric rigors are present, but the scene's naturalistic light and volumetric composition echo Cézanne's influence. The sharp brushstrokes and angular figures evoke a sense of protection, reflecting Blanchard's intention to shield the inner spirit of her characters from the gaze of others. Yet, her sensitive portrayal invites viewers to connect emotionally with her work, engendering a sense of intimacy and quiet communion. Despite the somber palette, there is a subtle warmth, with the figures' inner spirit shielded from judgment, much like those in van Gogh's painting. Yet in synthesizing elements of Cubism, Blanchard added emotional complexity to the rural themes van Gogh explored, making her contribution distinct yet reflective of earlier artistic traditions.</font></div>

MARIA BLANCHARD

<div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>María Blanchard, born in 1881, initially emerged as a committed Cubist painter, heavily influenced by her friendships with Juan Gris and other avant-garde figures. Her work in the 1910s showcased rigorous geometric abstraction, yet by the early 1920s, she began to transition toward a more figurative style. This shift aligned her with the “<em>Retour à l'ordre”</em> movement, in which many artists returned to more classical forms after the upheavals of war and early avant-garde experimentation. Blanchard's increasing focus on emotional depth and human subjects became a defining feature of these later works, culminating in pieces like "<em>Fillette à la pomme</em>."</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>Blanchard's Cubist roots, prominent in the angular treatment of the hands and apple, are softened throughout the girl's modest attire, suggesting a spiritual or religious significance. The model's pious countenance and the muted palette of browns, grays, and blues further reinforce that the painting continues a thread of religious themes, as seen in Picasso's early masterwork, "<em>The First Communion</em>," and Blanchard's own "<em>Girl at her First Communion</em>." The apple held in hand introduces layers of symbolism, often representing knowledge, innocence, or temptation, an association that suggests an emotional transition, bridging childhood and deeper awareness.</font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Aptos size=3 color=black>Blanchard's ability to fuse Cubist form with symbolic narrative and emotional complexity makes this painting a poignant reflection of her evolution as an artist. She humanizes the rigid forms of Cubism while imbuing her subjects with depth and inner life.</font></div>

MARIA BLANCHARD

WALEAD BESHTY - Los Caballos en la Conquista - Ceramica Suro slip cast remnants, glaze, and firing plate - 9 1/2 x 32 1/4 x 21 1/2 in.

WALEAD BESHTY

The Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was a prosperous period that helped shape Chinese history's foundations for future centuries. This era was marked by notable technological and cultural advances, including gunpowder and printing. Among artistic advances during this period was the perfection of the sancai glaze technique, which was a prominent attribute of sculpture during this period. Sancai (tri-colored) glazing used the three glaze-colors were ochre or brown, green and clear. Glazed wares were much more costly to produce than other terracotta wares, and were therefore only reserved for the wealthiest patrons.  
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<br>This Sancai-Glazed Horse would have been an incredible status symbol for its owner and many have been lost to time. This sculpture is comparable to examples held in museum collections worldwide, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

CHINESE

The Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was a prosperous cultural period that helped shape Chinese history's foundations for future centuries. This era was marked by notable technological and cultural advances, including gunpowder and printing. Among artistic advances during this period was the perfection of the sancai glaze technique, which was a prominent attribute of sculpture during this period. Sancai (tri-colored) glazing; the three glaze-colors used were ochre or brown, green and clear. Glazed wares where much more costly to produce than other terracotta wares, and were therefore only reserved for the wealthiest patrons.  
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<br>The Sancai-Glazed Earth Spirit offered here depicts a "Zhenmushou." These are mythical hybrid creatures whose bodies are a combination of dogs, lions, boars and other animals. These fierce looking beasts would be found in pairs guarding the entrance of Tang Dynasty tombs.

CHINESE

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black><em>Alte Fischerhütten</em> (1949) by Max Pechstein is an oil on canvas in which the artist transforms a humble cluster of weathered fishing huts into a study of light, form, and atmosphere. Broad, rhythmic brushstrokes delineate the worn timbers and thatched roofs, while a sky streaked with lavender and rose imbues the scene with a quiet, almost meditative luminosity. Pechstein’s bold outlines and flattened perspective are tempered by a late-career restraint, allowing the simple geometry of dunes, huts, and sea to resonate with an almost timeless calm.<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Though painted in 1949, this work reaches back to a motif Pechstein first explored between 1927 and 1930 during summers on the Baltic coast and in the village of Rowe with <em>Herbstabend </em>(1927) and <em>Getreideernte</em> (1930). In a letter from that earlier period he wrote of his inspiration:<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>“A small, empty fishing hut on the lagoon, which Martin Sakuth had set aside for me… it was there that I first felt the heady, eternal rhythm of the sea.” (translated)<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>By revisiting these modest structures in his final decade, Pechstein fuses the elemental power of wind, sand, and sea with a masterful control of color and form. <em>Alte Fischerhütten</em> thus stands as a poignant culmination of his lifelong dialogue with vernacular architecture and elemental landscapes, an enduring testament to his vision of nature’s quiet grandeur.</font></div>

MAX PECHSTEIN

<div>"House in the Countryside," a rare early oil on canvas by Piet Mondrian circa 1898, offers a window into the artist’s pre-abstraction period, likely executed "en plein air." This intimate painting, one of approximately 47 works from this phase across various media, showcases Mondrian’s early dedication to capturing the essence of place. The composition features a modest house set within the landscape, rendered with soft, earthy tones and a delicate interplay of light and shadow, reflecting his youthful passion for naturalistic depiction. Unlike his later abstract works, which began after he turned 40 following the 1911 Picasso exhibition that inspired his Cubist turn, these early pieces reveal a confident realism that laid the groundwork for his iconic style. </div>
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<br><div>The works from this period, prior to Mondrian’s shift toward coastal scenes, boats, and floral subjects, highlight his penchant for landscape, a theme that subtly persisted in his later abstractions, particularly those inspired by the grid-like layout of New York City, such as "Broadway Boogie Woogie" (1942-43) and “New York City I” (1942). With early landscapes offering a more accessible price point yet holding immense academic importance, they attract museums and savvy, thoughtful collectors. Comparable works reside in The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Cleveland Museum of Art, and The Art Institute of Chicago.  This piece stands as a rare testament to Mondrian’s evolving genius and the foundational role of landscape in his oeuvre. The painting’s most recent owner is Nicholas Fox Weber, the distinguished art historian, scholar, and president of the Josef Albers Foundation. </div>

PIET MONDRIAN

WILLIAM MERRITT CHASE - Portrait of the Artist Albert Beck Wenzell - oil on canvas - 20 x 16 in.

WILLIAM MERRITT CHASE

MAURICE DE VLAMINCK - Fleurs dans un vase - oil on canvas - 21 1/4 x 15 in.

MAURICE DE VLAMINCK

ALFRED THOMPSON BRICHER - Esopus Creek - oil on canvas - 20 x 40 in.

ALFRED THOMPSON BRICHER

Richard Diebenkorn once explained, “All paintings start out of a mood, out of a relationship with things or people, out of a complete visual impression.” Known for his defining role in the Bay Area Figurative Art movement, a counter to the abstraction dominating post-war New York City, Diebenkorn often oscillated between figuration and abstraction. In 1952, he took a faculty position at the University of Illinois in Urbana for one academic year. There, he taught beginning drawing to architecture students and used one of the bedrooms in his house as a studio. This period from 1952-53, known as the Urbana series, was a productive and pivotal time in the development of Diebenkorn's style. His innovative exploration of figuration through abstraction began in these crucial early years and would come to full realization in his widely celebrated Ocean Park series of the late 1960s-80s.

RICHARD DIEBENKORN

<div><font face=Lato size=3>"Study for Three Sisters," a 1954 mixed media drawing by Balthus, offers an intimate glimpse into the artist’s preliminary creative process. Executed in pencil with subtle blue watercolor accents, this sketch captures two figures—a reclining woman and a seated child—arranged with a spontaneous yet deliberate energy on a couch. The loose, expressive lines and minimal detailing reveal the immediacy and personality of the subjects, contrasting with the more formal and structured compositions of his final paintings. As a study for the major work "Three Sisters" within a series of significant canvases by the same name, it provides a window into Balthus’ evolution, showcasing how he refined his subjects over time and approached their portrayal with careful consideration. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3>Balthus, like many avant-garde artists of the early 20th century such as Paul Gauguin, Edvard Munch, and Pablo Picasso, saw children as vessels of raw, unformed spirit, untouched by societal constraints, and viewed adolescent themes as a potent source of psychological depth and uninhibited expression. This perspective infuses the drawing with a tender yet enigmatic quality. The provenance includes Nicholas Fox Weber, the acclaimed Balthus biographer, adding historical weight to the piece. A related "sister drawing" is held in the Art Institute of Chicago’s permanent collection, further affirming its significance. This work not only highlights Balthus’ mastery of mixed media but also serves as a compelling study of youth and intimacy, inviting viewers to explore the artist’s thoughtful development of his iconic themes. </font></div>

BALTHUS

WILLIAM WENDT - Laguna Hills - oil on canvas - 25 x 30 in.

WILLIAM WENDT

<div>John Marin’s "Sea Movement, Maine" (1937) exemplifies his dynamic approach to watercolor, a medium he transformed into one of the most expressive vehicles of early American modernism. Painted during his mature period, the work captures the restless energy of the Maine coast—a subject Marin returned to repeatedly as a source of inspiration. Quick, gestural strokes convey the surging sea and jagged rocks, while washes of deep blue, gray, and black evoke both immediacy and atmosphere. Marin’s hallmark ability to fuse abstraction with observation is evident here: the composition is at once faithful to the rhythms of the natural world and liberated in its expressive freedom. </div>
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<br><div>The significance of this work is underscored by its inclusion in Sheldon Reich’s 1970 catalogue raisonné (no. 37.19) and its exhibition history in two museum shows, affirming its place within Marin’s celebrated body of Maine seascapes. "Sea Movement, Maine" stands as a vivid testament to the artist’s lifelong pursuit of translating nature’s vitality into painterly form. </div>

JOHN MARIN

<div><font face=Lato size=3>Andy Warhol’s <em>Campbell’s Soup I: Vegetable Soup</em> (1968) is part of his first screenprint portfolio dedicated to the iconic soup cans, produced in an edition of 250 with additional artist’s proofs. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3>The speed with which the art world embraced Warhol was remarkable: in July 1962, his thirty-two <em>Campbell’s Soup Cans</em> paintings debuted at the Ferus Gallery in Los Angeles, quickly cementing his reputation. Those early canvases, among his last hand-painted works, appeared almost mechanically produced, but Warhol soon abandoned the brush in favor of silkscreen, a commercial process that allowed for both endless repetition and striking variations of his chosen subjects. </font></div>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3><em>Vegetable Soup</em> was one of the original thirty-two varieties and remains a pop culture phenomenon, continually reappearing on everything from plates and mugs to t-shirts, neckties, and even surfboards. Warhol’s transformation of an everyday supermarket staple into an enduring icon underscores his genius for elevating the ordinary into the realm of high art. With its crisp outlines and industrial precision, <em>Vegetable Soup</em> embodies the artist’s most radical contribution: the merging of consumer culture with fine art. </font></div>

ANDY WARHOL

The Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) was a prosperous cultural period that helped shape Chinese history's foundations for future centuries. This era was marked by notable technological and cultural advances, including gunpowder and printing. Among artistic advances during this period was the perfection of the sancai glaze technique, which was a prominent attribute of sculpture during this period. Sancai (tri-colored) glazing; the three glaze-colors used were ochre or brown, green and clear. Glazed wares where much more costly to produce than other terracotta wares, and were therefore only reserved for the wealthiest patrons.  
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<br>The Sancai-Glazed Earth Spirit offered here depicts a "Zhenmushou." These are mythical hybrid creatures whose bodies are a combination of dogs, lions, boars and other animals. These fierce looking beasts would be found in pairs guarding the entrance of Tang Dynasty tombs.

CHINESE

Karl Benjamin and his peers Lorser Feitelson, Frederick Hammersley, and John McLaughlin hold a distinctive place in the history of American abstract art. Known for their precise, geometric forms and clean edges emphasizing flatness, they are California's Hard-edge painters who emerged in the late 1950s. Unlike Ellsworth Kelly, for example, their work reflects a brightness, clarity, and palette that suggests California's natural and built environment rather than the more urban and industrial influences felt on the East Coast. Furthermore, compared to the competitive art scene on the East Coast, the California group was a relatively small and close-knit community of artists with a sense of collaboration and shared exploration that contributed to a cohesive movement with a distinct identity.

KARL BENJAMIN

Harry Bertoia’s Willow sculpture resonates as an expression of grace and delicacy; qualities that bely the usual associations we have with the intrinsic properties of the alloy of which it is made. This suspended version – the rare version of Willow - seems to have a self-aware presence; one that delights in that contrast of properties. Yet it invites nothing more than existential pleasure in the viewing of it.  Think of Willow as a boldly articulated version of Calder if the latter master had a more organic or corporeal evocation in mind. Suspended, it commands its area yet respects its spatial relationship to its surround. Light, form, space – these are conceptual tools of the sculptor. But who else would think to use reflective material more readily associated with inflexibility and tensor strength to create a bouquet of cascading strands of stainless steel, suspended in space, flora-like and so gracefully beautiful?

HARRY BERTOIA

JOANNA POUSETTE-DART - Untitled (Red Desert Study) - acrylic on wood panel - 33 1/2 x 42 x 3/4 in.

JOANNA POUSETTE-DART

LEONID LAMM - State Power - oil on canvas - 68 3/8 x 66 x 1 in.

LEONID LAMM

ROBERT NATKIN - Apollo XL - acrylic on canvas - 88 x 116 1/4 in.

ROBERT NATKIN

LÉON AUGUSTIN LHERMITTE - Laveuses, le soir - pastel on paper laid on canvas - 17 1/2 x 13 3/4 in.

LÉON AUGUSTIN LHERMITTE

AI WEIWEI - "Fairytale" Chairs - wood - 49 x 45 x 17 1/2 in.

AI WEIWEI

FELIPE CASTANEDA - Mujer con Guitarra - marble - 16 1/2 x 10 1/2 x 10 in.

FELIPE CASTANEDA

CONSULTANTS

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MONTANA ALEXANDER

Chairman, Global Director
Palm Desert, California

Montana Alexander is a distinguished leader in the international art world, serving as Chairman and Global Director of Heather James. Based at the flagship gallery in Palm Desert, California, Montana oversees the entire company’s operations and drives its global vision. Her 2025 move back to Palm Desert from New York City represents a deliberate step to deepen connections within the thriving desert art scene and to further elevate Heather James’ influence on the West Coast.

Since joining Heather James in 2013, Montana has been instrumental in expanding the gallery’s reach into the global secondary art market, shaping company-wide strategy, and cultivating relationships with an elite roster of collectors—from major members of the ArtNews 200 to emerging art patrons. Her discerning eye and passion for excellence have guided significant acquisitions of works by iconic artists such as Louise Bourgeois, Andy Warhol, Ed Ruscha, Claude Monet, and Mark Bradford.

Montana’s leadership was pivotal in securing the landmark acquisition of the Post-War and Contemporary art collection from the General Electric Company Corporate Art Collection—one of the most significant corporate collections to enter the secondary market. She was also behind critically acclaimed exhibitions like “The Female Gaze,” featuring female surrealists including Frida Kahlo and Leonora Carrington, and “The Paintings of Sir Winston Churchill,” a touring show developed in collaboration with Churchill’s family estate.

Holding a Bachelor of Arts in Art History and Business Management from the University of Connecticut and a postgraduate certificate in Art Business from Sotheby’s Institute in New York, Montana blends academic rigor with hands-on expertise. Her visionary leadership continues to shape Heather James into a dominant force on the global art stage, while her recent move to Palm Desert signals a bold new chapter for the gallery’s growth and influence.

Eric5

ERIC ARTECHE

Fine Art Consultant
Palm Desert, California

Eric Arteche is a Fine Art Consultant with Heather James Fine Art in Palm Desert, CA, bringing over 10 years of sales experience working with top clients and Fortune 500 companies. Eric’s background includes a Bachelor’s of Arts in Social Science and History from Westmont College and a Master’s of Science in Resilient and Sustainable Communities from Green Mountain College. A constant desire to learn and grow led Eric to the art world, starting in Research and Operations and now partnering directly with clients to find the perfect pieces for their collections. Outside of the gallery, Eric loves to spend time with his family, explore new restaurants, take road trips, and roast his own coffee.

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Cottonwood Tree (Near Abiquiu), New Mexico (1943) by celebrated American artist Georgia O’Keeffe is exemplary of the airier, more naturalistic style that the desert inspired in her. O’Keeffe had great affinity for the distinctive beauty of the Southwest, and made her home there among the spindly trees, dramatic vistas, and bleached animal skulls that she so frequently painted. O’Keeffe took up residence at Ghost Ranch, a dude ranch twelve miles outside of the village of Abiquiú in northern New Mexico and painted this cottonwood tree around there. The softer style befitting this subject is a departure from her bold architectural landscapes and jewel-toned flowers.
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<br>The cottonwood tree is abstracted into soft patches of verdant greens through which more delineated branches are seen, spiraling in space against pockets of blue sky. The modeling of the trunk and delicate energy in the leaves carry forward past experimentations with the regional trees of the Northeast that had captivated O’Keeffe years earlier: maples, chestnuts, cedars, and poplars, among others. Two dramatic canvases from 1924, Autumn Trees, The Maple and The Chestnut Grey, are early instances of lyrical and resolute centrality, respectively. As seen in these early tree paintings, O’Keeffe exaggerated the sensibility of her subject with color and form.
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<br>In her 1974 book, O’Keeffe explained: “The meaning of a word— to me— is not as exact as the meaning of a color. Color and shapes make a more definite statement than words.” Her exacting, expressive color intrigued. The Precisionist painter Charles Demuth described how, in O’Keeffe’s work, “each color almost regains the fun it must have felt within itself on forming the first rainbow” (As quoted in C. Eldridge, Georgia O’Keeffe, New York, 1991, p. 33). As well, congruities between forms knit together her oeuvre. Subjects like hills and petals undulate alike, while antlers, trees, and tributaries correspond in their branching morphology.
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<br>The sinewy contours and gradated hues characteristic of O’Keeffe find an incredible range across decades of her tree paintings. In New Mexico, O’Keeffe returned to the cottonwood motif many times, and the seasonality of this desert tree inspired many forms. The vernal thrill of new growth was channeled into spiraling compositions like Spring Tree No.1 (1945). Then, cottonwood trees turned a vivid autumnal yellow provided a breathtaking compliment to the blue backdrop of Mount Pedernal. The ossified curves of Dead Cottonweed Tree (1943) contain dramatic pools of light and dark, providing a foil to the warm, breathing quality of this painting, Cottonwood Tree (Near Abiquiu). The aural quality of this feathered cottonwood compels a feeling guided by O’Keeffe’s use of form of color.

GEORGIA O'KEEFFE

Between Île-de-France and Burgundy and on the edge of the Fontainebleau Forest lies the medieval village of Moret-sur-Loing, established in the 12th century. When Alfred Sisley described its character to Monet in a letter dated 31 August 1881 as “a chocolate-box landscape…” he meant it as a memento of enticement; that its keep, the ramparts, the church, the fortified gates, and the ornate facades nestled along the river were, for a painter, a setting of unmatched charm. An ancient church, always the most striking townscape feature along the Seine Valley, would be a presence in Sisley’s townscape views as it was for Corot, and for Monet at Vétheuil. But unlike Monet whose thirty views of Rouen Cathedral were executed so he could trace the play of light and shadow across the cathedral façade and capture the ephemeral nature of moment-to-moment changes of light and atmosphere, Sisley set out to affirm the permanent nature of the church of Notre-Dame at Moret-sur-Loing.  Monet’s sole concern was air and light, and Sisley’s appears to be an homage keepsake. The painting exudes respect for the original architects and builders of a structure so impregnable and resolute, it stood then as it did in those medieval times, and which for us, stands today, as it will, for time immemorial.
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<br>Nevertheless, Sisley strived to show the changing appearance of the motif through a series of atmospheric changes. He gave the works titles such as “In Sunshine”, “Under Frost”, and “In Rain” and exhibited them as a group at the Salon du Champ-de-Mars in 1894, factors that suggest he thought of them as serial interpretations. Nevertheless, unlike Monet’s work, l’église de Moret, le Soir reveals that Sisley chose to display the motif within a spatial context that accentuates its compositional attributes — the plunging perspective of the narrow street at left, the strong diagonal recession of the building lines as a counterbalance to the right, and the imposing weight of the stony building above the line of sight.

ALFRED SISLEY

During the early 1870s, Winslow Homer frequently painted scenes of country living near a small farm hamlet renowned for generations for its remarkable stands of wheat, situated between the Hudson River and the Catskills in New York state. Today Hurley is far more famous for inspiring one of Homer’s greatest works, Snap the Whip painted the summer of 1872. Among the many other paintings inspired by the region, Girl Standing in the Wheatfield is rich in sentiment, but not over sentimentalized. It directly relates to an 1866 study painted in France entitled, In the Wheatfields, and another, painted the following year after he returned to America. But Homer would have undoubtedly been most proud of this one. It is a portrait, a costume study, a genre painting in the great tradition of European pastoral painting, and a dramatically backlit, atmospheric tour de force steeped in the quickly fading gloaming hour light buoyed with lambent, flowery notes and wheat spike touches. In 1874, Homer sent four paintings to the National Academy of Design exhibition. One was titled, “Girl”. Might it not be this one?

WINSLOW HOMER

<div>When forty rural Sacramento Delta landscapes by Wayne Thiebaud were unveiled at a San Francisco gallery opening in November 1997, attendees were amazed by paintings they never anticipated. This new frontier betrayed neither Thiebaud’s mastery of confectionary-shop colors nor his impeccable eye for formal relationships. Rather, his admirers were shocked to learn that all but seven of these forty interpretations had been completed in just two years. As his son Paul recalled, “the refinements of my father’s artistic process were ever changing in a chameleon-like frenzy.” The new direction had proved an exhilarating experience, each painting an affirmation of Wayne Thiebaud’s impassioned response to the fields and levees of the local environment he dearly loved.   </div>
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<br><div>Viewed from the perspective of a bird or a plane, "The Riverhouse" is an agrarian tapestry conceived with a kaleidoscopic range of shapes and simple forms; fields striped with furrows or striated fans, deliriously colored parallelograms and trapezoids, an orchard garnished pizza-shaped wedge, and a boldly limned river, the lifeline of a thirsty California central valley largely dependent upon transported water. "The Riverhouse" is a painting that ‘moves’ between seamlessly shifting planes of aerial mapping that recalls Richard Diebenkorn’s stroke of insight when he took his first commercial flight the spring of 1951, and those partitions engaging a more standard vanishing point perspective. Thiebaud explained his process as “orchestrating with as much variety and tempo as I can.” Brightly lit with a fauve-like intensity, "The Riverhouse" is a heady concoction of vibrant pigment and rich impasto, one that recalls his indebtedness to Pierre Bonnard whose color Thiebaud referred to as “a bucket full of hot coals and ice cubes.” Among his many other influences, the insertion of objects — often tiny — that defy a rational sense of scale that reflects his interest in Chinese landscape painting.  As always, his mastery as a painter recalls his titular pies and cakes with their bewitching rainbow-like halos and side-by-side colors of equal intensity but differing in hues to create the vibratory effect of an aura, what Thiebaud explained “denotes an attempt to develop as much energy and light and visual power as you can.” </div>
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<br><div>Thiebaud’s Sacramento Delta landscapes are an integral and important part of his oeuvre. Paintings such as "The Riverhouse" rival the best abstract art of the twentieth century. His good friend, Willem de Kooning thought so, too.</div>

WAYNE THIEBAUD

<div><font face=Lato size=3>Widely recognized as one of the most consequential artists of our time, Gerhard Richters career now rivals that of Picasso's in terms of productivity and genius. The multi-faceted subject matter, ranging from slightly out-of-focus photographic oil paintings to Kelly-esque grid paintings to his "squeegee" works, Richter never settles for repeating the same thought- but is constantly evolving his vision. Richter has been honored by significant retrospective exhibitions, including the pivotal 2002 show,  "Gerhard Richter: Forty Years of Painting," at the Museum of Modern Art, New York.    "Abstraktes Bild 758-2" (1992) comes from a purely abstract period in Richter's work- where the message is conveyed using a truly physical painting style, where applied paint layers are distorted with a wooden "Squeegee" tool. Essentially, Richter is sculpting the layers of paint, revealing the underlayers and their unique color combinations; there is a degree of "art by chance". If the painting does not work, Richter will move on- a method pioneered by Jackson Pollock decades earlier.    Richter is included in prominent museums and collections worldwide, including the Tate, London, The Museum of Modern Art, New York, and the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, among many others.</font></div>

GERHARD RICHTER

The frame of reference for Irish American Sean Scully’s signature blocks and stripes is vast. From Malevich’s central premise that geometry can provide the means for universal understanding to Rothko’s impassioned approach to color and rendering of the dramatic sublime, Scully learned how to condense the splendor of the natural world into simple modes of color, light, and composition. Born in Dublin in 1945 and London-raised, Scully was well-schooled in figurative drawing when he decided to catch the spirit of his lodestar, Henri Matisse, by visiting Morocco in 1969. He was captivated by the dazzling tessellated mosaics and richly dyed fabrics and began to paint grids and stipes of color. Subsequent adventures provided further inspiration as the play of intense light on the reflective surfaces of Mayan ruins and the ancient slabs of stone at Stonehenge brought the sensation of light, space, and geometric movement to Scully’s paintings. The ability to trace the impact of Scully’s travels throughout his paintings reaffirms the value of abstract art as a touchstone for real-life experience.
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<br>Painted in rich, deep hues and layered, nuanced surfaces, Grey Red is both poetic and full of muscular formalism. Scully appropriately refers to these elemental forms as ‘bricks,’ suggesting the formal calculations of an architect. As he explained, “these relationships that I see in the street doorways, in windows between buildings, and in the traces of structures that were once full of life, I take for my work. I use these colors and forms and put them together in a way that perhaps reminds you of something, though you’re not sure of that” (David Carrier, Sean Scully, 2004, pg. 98). His approach is organic, less formulaic; intuitive painter’s choices are layering one color upon another so that contrasting hues and colors vibrate with subliminal energy. Diebenkorn comes to mind in his pursuit of radiant light. But here, the radiant bands of terracotta red, gray, taupe, and black of Grey Red resonate with deep, smoldering energy and evoke far more affecting passion than you would think it could impart. As his good friend, Bono wrote, “Sean approaches the canvas like a kickboxer, a plasterer, a builder. The quality of painting screams of a life being lived.”

SEAN SCULLY

Tom Wesselmann will undoubtedly be remembered for associating his erotic themes with the colors of the American flag. But Wesselmann had considerable gifts as a draftsman, and the line was his principal preoccupation, first as a cartoonist and later as an ardent admirer of Matisse. That he also pioneered a method of turning drawings into laser-cut steel wall reliefs proved a revelation. He began to focus ever more on drawing for the sake of drawing, enchanted that the new medium could be lifted and held: “It really is like being able to pick up a delicate line drawing from the paper.”
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<br>The Steel Drawings caused both excitement and confusion in the art world. After acquiring one of the ground-breaking works in 1985, the Whitney Museum of American Art wrote Wesselmann wondering if it should be cataloged as a drawing or a sculpture. The work had caused such a stir that when Eric Fischl visited Wesselmann at his studio and saw steel-cut works for the first time, he remembered feeling jealous. He wanted to try it but dared not. It was clear: ‘Tom owned the technique completely.’
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<br>Wesselmann owed much of that technique to his year-long collaboration with metalwork fabricator Alfred Lippincott. Together, in 1984 they honed a method for cutting the steel with a laser that provided the precision he needed to show the spontaneity of his sketches. Wesselmann called it ‘the best year of my life’, elated at the results that he never fully achieved with aluminum that required each shape be hand-cut.  “I anticipated how exciting it would be for me to get a drawing back in steel. I could hold it in my hands. I could pick it up by the lines…it was so exciting…a kind of near ecstasy, anyway, but there’s really been something about the new work that grabbed me.”
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<br>Bedroom Brunette with Irises is a Steel Drawing masterwork that despite its uber-generous scale, utilizes tight cropping to provide an unimposing intimacy while maintaining a free and spontaneous quality. The figure’s outstretched arms and limbs and body intertwine with the petals and the interior elements providing a flowing investigative foray of black lines and white ‘drop out’ shapes provided by the wall. It recalls Matisse and any number of his reclining odalisque paintings. Wesselmann often tested monochromatic values to discover the extent to which color would transform his hybrid objects into newly developed Steel Drawing works and, in this case, continued with a color steel-cut version of the composition Bedroom Blonde with Irises (1987) and later still, in 1993 with a large-scale drawing in charcoal and pastel on paper.

TOM WESSELMANN

<div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Irving Norman conceived and created <em>The Human Condition</em> at a time when he must have reflected deeply on the totality of his life. Given its grand scale and cinematic treatment, it impresses as a profound culmination of his artistic journey, synthesizing decades of themes, insights, and experiences into a single monumental work. A man of great humility and an artist of uncommon skill, he translated a horrendous war experience into impactful allegories of unforgettable, often visceral imagery. He worked in solitude with relentless forbearance in a veritable vacuum without fame or financial security. Looking to the past, acutely aware of present trends, he knew, given the human predicament, he was forecasting the future. As one New York Times reviewer mused in 2008, "In light of current circumstances, Mr. Norman's dystopian vision may strike some…as eerily pertinent," an observation that recalled recent events.<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Irving Norman's figures, manipulated by their environment and physical space, are of a style that exaggerates the malleability of the human form to underscore their vulnerability and subjugation. This literal and symbolic elasticity suggests that these figures are stretched, compressed, or twisted by the forces of their environment, emphasizing their lack of autonomy and the oppressive systems that govern their existence. While these figures reflect vulnerability, Norman's structural choice in <em>The Human Condition</em> creates a stark juxtaposition that shifts attention toward the central tableau. A commanding female figure, rising above the calamitous failures and atrocities of the past, is joined by a man, forming a symbolic "couple,” suggesting the unity and shared responsibility of a new vision. Their hands, magnified and upturned, present these children as a vision offering hope and renewal for the future. The gesture, combined with the futuristic clothing of the diminutive figures, reinforces the idea of an alternative path—a brighter, forward-looking humanity. The central tableau acts as a metaphorical offering, inviting the viewer to consider a future untouched by the weight of darkness from which these figures emerge.<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Here, Norman underscores a hopeful, if not optimistic, vision for generations ahead. The structural decision suggests a deliberate shift in focus: the darker scenes relegated to the sides represent the burdens, past and present. At the same time, the central figures embody the potential for a future shaped by resilience and renewal. This juxtaposition distinguishes <em>The Human Condition</em> as a reflection of Norman's later years, where a tempered hope emerges to claim the high ground over the war-mongering, abject corruption, frantic pleasure-seeking, and the dehumanizing effects of modern society.<br>
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<br><div><font face=Lato size=3 color=black>Throughout his long career, Norman stood tall in his convictions; he turned, faced the large, empty canvases, and designed and painted complex, densely populated scenes. As for recognition, he rationalized the situation—fame or fortune risked the unsullied nature of an artist's quest. Ultimately, <em>The Human Condition</em> is a summation of Norman's life and work and a call to action, urging us to examine our complicity in the systems he so vividly depicted. Through meticulous craftsmanship and allegorical intensity, it is a museum-worthy masterwork that continues to resonate, its themes as pertinent today as they were when Norman painstakingly brought his vision to life.</font></div>

IRVING NORMAN

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